Regionalism was introduced to the Nigeria system by the Richards Constitution. Jun 29, 2022. ogden clinic cardiology . It is composed of the Head of State, Chief of General Staff, Minister of Defense; service chiefs of the Army, Air force and Navy, Inspector General of Police, Attorney General and all military Governors. 1. Cookies are small files that are stored on your browser. Nigeria, my country, blessed with the best brains and rains to grow our grains, operating a democratic system that guarantees political freedom, equality of citizenship, and more.. The Council of Ministers: This consists of the President, Vice President and the ministers some of whom were military officers, while others were politicians. It serves as check and balance on the executive and legislative branch of the Nigerian government structure. )beer: 0.73 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. (ret.) Legislative power is vested in the government and the bicameral legislature; the latter consists of the House of Representatives and the Senate. Apart from this, the structure of the civil service remains the same as that of the civilian regime. )agricultural: 5.51 billion cubic meters (2017 est. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Passnownow.com digitally democratizes access to education content for Nigerian Students and Teachers. )male: 6.9% (2020 est. It includes bodies such as: The Federal Capital Territory is administered only by the federal government. (male 3,635,334/female 4,123,030) 2022 population pyramid Dependency ratios It is the level of government that is closer to the people and is within the people. Shortly after its formation, the NAF was engaged in combat operations against the secessionist state of Biafra, during the Nigerian Civil War from 1967 to 1970. )$5,100 (2019 est. Government Structure In 1999, after decades of intermittent military control, Nigeria adopted constitutional reforms that reinstated a civilian government. Obasanjo had successfully handed over to Alhaji Shehu Shagari in 1979 but he was overthrown in the 31 st December 1983 by the General Muhammad Buhari. ), fossil fuels: 78.1% of total installed capacity (2020 est. Discuss the reasons why the military involve in politics. Most members of the SMC under Gowon were state governors. )$38.336 billion (31 December 2019 est. African Studies Review 13, no. Scholarships Notify me of follow-up comments by email. ), conventional long form: Federal Republic of Nigeriaconventional short form: Nigeriaetymology: named for the Niger River that flows through the west of the country to the Atlantic Ocean; from a native term "Ni Gir" meaning "River Gir", name: Abujageographic coordinates: 9 05 N, 7 32 Etime difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)etymology: Abuja is a planned capital city, it replaced Lagos in 1991; situated in the center of the country, Abuja takes its name from a nearby town, now renamed Suleja, 36 states and 1 territory*; Abia, Adamawa, Akwa Ibom, Anambra, Bauchi, Bayelsa, Benue, Borno, Cross River, Delta, Ebonyi, Edo, Ekiti, Enugu, Federal Capital Territory*, Gombe, Imo, Jigawa, Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, Kebbi, Kogi, Kwara, Lagos, Nasarawa, Niger, Ogun, Ondo, Osun, Oyo, Plateau, Rivers, Sokoto, Taraba, Yobe, Zamfara, Independence Day (National Day), 1 October (1960), history: several previous; latest adopted 5 May 1999, effective 29 May 1999amendments: proposed by the National Assembly; passage requires at least two-thirds majority vote of both houses and approval by the Houses of Assembly of at least two thirds of the states; amendments to constitutional articles on the creation of a new state, fundamental constitutional rights, or constitution-amending procedures requires at least four-fifths majority vote by both houses of the National Assembly and approval by the Houses of Assembly in at least two thirds of the states; passage of amendments limited to the creation of a new state require at least two-thirds majority vote by the proposing National Assembly house and approval by the Houses of Assembly in two thirds of the states; amended several times, last in 2018, mixed legal system of English common law, Islamic law (in 12 northern states), and traditional law, accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Nigeriadual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 15 years, chief of state: President Maj. Gen. )nuclear: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est. ), nairas (NGN) per US dollar -358.811 (2020 est. )crude oil and lease condensate exports: 1,889,100 bbl/day (2018 est. The local government reforms of 1976 have been described as a landmark in the history of local government in Nigeria. Abdullahi, who is the second to the last son of the military dictator died on Friday night in Abuja. The country was at its infantile stage and was still trying to adapt to its new state of independence. [14][15], In spite of these challenges to its operational readiness, the Nigerian Armed Forces have committed to a number of wide-ranging modernization programs to bolster the discipline and firepower of its troops. It has similar functions as the National House of Assembly. Presently, Nigeria has 774 local government councils, hence, 774 local government chairmen. subvert labour movement activities in Nigeria; that is, Military government demoralize union right, Problems of internal democracy is a threat to trade . There are roadblocks to a strong democracy in Nigeria at all levels of government. ), forest revenues: 1.02% of GDP (2018 est. Establishment, maintenance, and regulation of markets, motor parks, etc. In 1956, the Nigeria Regiment of the Royal West African Frontier Force (RWAFF) was renamed the Nigerian Military Forces, RWAFF, and in April 1958, the colonial government of Nigeria took over from the British War Office control of the Nigerian Military Forces. The Nigerian Air force is currently headed by Air Marshal Isiaka Oladayo Amao. ), degree of risk: very high (2020)food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fevervectorborne diseases: malaria, dengue fever, and yellow feverwater contact diseases: leptospirosis and schistosomiasisanimal contact diseases: rabiesrespiratory diseases: meningococcal meningitisaerosolized dust or soil contact diseases: Lassa fevernote 1: on 4 May 2022, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention issued a Travel Health Notice for a Yellow Fever outbreak in Nigeria; a large, ongoing outbreak of yellow fever in Nigeria began in September 2017; the outbreak is now spread throughout the country with the Nigerian Ministry of Health reporting cases of the disease in multiple states (Bauchi, Benue, Delta, Ebonyi, and Enugu); the CDC recommends travelers going to Nigeria should receive vaccination against yellow fever at least 10 days before travel and should take steps to prevent mosquito bites while there; those never vaccinated against yellow fever should avoid travel to Nigeria during the outbreaknote 2: widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Nigeria; as of 9 December 2022, Nigeria has reported a total of 266,283 cases of COVID-19 or 129.17 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 3,155 cumulative deaths or a rate of 1.53 cumulative death per 100,000 population; as of 13 November 2022, 29.28% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine note 3: on 21 March 2022, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued a Travel Alert for polio in Africa; Nigeria is currently considered a high risk to travelers for circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPV); vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) is a strain of the weakened poliovirus that was initially included in oral polio vaccine (OPV) and that has changed over time and behaves more like the wild or naturally occurring virus; this means it can be spread more easily to people who are unvaccinated against polio and who come in contact with the stool or respiratory secretions, such as from a sneeze, of an infected person who received oral polio vaccine; the CDC recommends that before any international travel, anyone unvaccinated, incompletely vaccinated, or with an unknown polio vaccination status should complete the routine polio vaccine series; before travel to any high-risk destination, the CDC recommends that adults who previously completed the full, routine polio vaccine series receive a single, lifetime booster dose of polio vaccine, total: 4.49 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. Major General Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi was made the Head of the Federal Military Government of Nigeria, but was soon overthrown and murdered in a coup in July of the same year. This led to June 12 elections in 1993 but the result of this election was cancelled. The Nigerian Navy command structure today, consists of the Naval Headquarters in Abuja as well as three other operational commands with headquarters in Lagos, Calabar and Bayelsa. Nigeria also is a major source, transit, and destination country for forced labor and sex trafficking. Every Nigerian citizen must know about the government structure and to help you grasp the structure of the Nigerian government, this article presents all you need to know as it comes with texts, images and video. Pry School Lesson notes will soon be ready. No matter how diligent a company headquarter is, it cannot reach all corners in the nation, so it creates divisions to oversee activities at various levels in a bid to attain efficient administration. A new constitution established a federal system with an elected prime minister and a ceremonial head of state. [20], Since its creation, the Nigerian military has fought in a civil war the conflict with Biafra in 196770 and sent peacekeeping forces abroad, both with the United Nations and as the backbone of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) Cease-fire Monitoring Group (ECOMOG) in Liberia and Sierra Leone. We're sorry, but in order to log in and use all the features of this website, you will need to enable JavaScript in your browser. We may share your site usage data with our social media, advertising, and analytics partners for these reasons. [32], In December 1983, the new Major General Muhammadu Buhari regime announced that Nigeria could no longer afford an activist anti-colonial role in Africa. [9][10] Nigeria's Armed Forces would continue to remain an active element in combat operations throughout the African continent over the proceeding decades, with bobs Careers, GPA Calculator ), $26.847 billion (2019 est. There was a coup attempt during the Abacha led administration in 1995 and this led to the arrest and imprisonment of the likes of General Obasanjo, Major General Shehu Musa Yaradua and some other prominent soldiers. ECOWAS, Promotion of National Integration e.g.NYSC, Change of driving pattern from Left to Right, Was responsible for the Nigeria Civil war, There was absence of independence of the Judiciary, Mismanagement and wastage of public funds, Inability to conduct reliable and acceptable census, The Structure of Military Rule in Nigeria, LESSON NOTE ON JSS2 BASIC SCIENCE FOR THIRD TERM, THIRD TERM SCHEME OF WORK FOR JSS2 BASIC SCIENCE LESSON NOTE, LESSON NOTE ON JSS2 MATHEMATICS FOR THIRD TERM, THIRD TERM SCHEME OF WORK FOR JSS2 MATHEMATICS LESSON NOTE, LESSON NOTE ON JSS1 MATHEMATICS FOR THIRD TERM, THIRD TERM SCHEME OF WORK FOR JSS1 MATHEMATICS LESSON NOTE. Failure of the elections conducted by the civilian Government in 1965 and 1983 brought about the military intervention. Provision of amenities which include public education, affordable quality healthcare, electricity, affordable housing, good roads, and other utilities. The Chief Judge of each state is appointed by the governor of that state on the advice of the National Judicial Council and the State House of Assembly. Protection of the country from external and internal threats. The military are not trained in the act of governance. salary structure and wages, Government in all level must fight corrupt leaders, Immunity clause should be removed in the constitution of the federal Smaller army forces have been previously sent on UN and ECOWAS deployments in the former Yugoslavia, Guinea-Bissau, and Sierra Leone. The executive arm, also known as the cabinet, is divided into over 15 federal ministries. Western Africa, bordering the Gulf of Guinea, between Benin and Cameroon, total: 923,768 sq kmland: 910,768 sq kmwater: 13,000 sq km, about six times the size of Georgia; slightly more than twice the size of California, total: 4,477 kmborder countries (4): Benin 809 km; Cameroon 1,975 km; Chad 85 km; Niger 1,608 km, territorial sea: 12 nmexclusive economic zone: 200 nmcontinental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation, varies; equatorial in south, tropical in center, arid in north, southern lowlands merge into central hills and plateaus; mountains in southeast, plains in north, highest point: Chappal Waddi 2,419 mlowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 mmean elevation: 380 m, natural gas, petroleum, tin, iron ore, coal, limestone, niobium, lead, zinc, arable land, agricultural land: 78% (2018 est. President Olusegun Obasanjo in August 2003, committed the Nigerian troops once again into Liberia, at the appeal of the United States, to provide an interim presence until the United Nations Mission in Liberia (UNMIL) arrived. Also Read: Updated list of 20 local governments in Lagos state and their wards. The speaker of the house is assisted by the deputy speaker of the house. It is called the State House of Assembly. Nigeria has continued a strict policy of diversification in her military procurement from various countries. The first one was in 1986, just a year after Ibrahim Babangida was sworn into power, Major General Mamman Vatsa had led a coup to overthrow the government of President Babangida but this coup failed. Politicians should learn how to avoid ethnic politics in order not to attract military rule. (3) The composition of the officer corps and other ranks of the armed forces of the Federation shall reflect the federal character of Nigeria. note: data are in current year dollars, China 30%, Netherlands 11%, United States 6%, Belgium 5% (2019), refined petroleum, cars, wheat, laboratory glassware, packaged medicines (2019), $36.73 billion (31 December 2020 est. Before January 1966, the various regions in Nigeria had different system of governments, at the grassroot level. Organizing and providing relevant educational content, resources and information for students. Nigeria also has pursued a policy of developing domestic training and military production capabilities. B. The military derives pleasure in passing harsh laws (draconian laws) which sometimes take retroactive effect. In summary, we use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. ), general assessment: one of the larger telecom markets in Africa subject to sporadic access to electricity and vandalism of infrastructure; most Internet connections are via mobile networks; market competition with affordable access; LTE technologies available but GSM is dominant; mobile penetration high due to use of multiple SIM cards and phones; government committed to expanding broadband penetration; operators to deploy fiber optic cable in six geopolitical zones and Lagos; operators invested in base stations to deplete network congestion; submarine cable break in 2020 slowed speeds and interrupted connectivity; Nigeria concluded its first 5G spectrum auction in 2021 and granted licenses to two firms; construction of 5G infrastructure has not yet been completed (2022)domestic: fixed-line subscribership remains less than 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular services growing rapidly, in part responding to the shortcomings of the fixed-line network; multiple cellular providers operate nationally with subscribership base over 99 per 100 persons (2020)international: country code - 234; landing point for the SAT-3/WASC, NCSCS, MainOne, Glo-1 & 2, ACE, and Equianofiber-optic submarine cable that provides connectivity to Europe and South and West Africa; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (2 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) (2019)note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly in mobile device production; progress toward 5G implementation has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services has increased due to the surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home is still evident, and the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services, nearly 70 federal government-controlled national and regional TV stations; all 36 states operate TV stations; several private TV stations operational; cable and satellite TV subscription services are available; network of federal government-controlled national, regional, and state radio stations; roughly 40 state government-owned radio stations typically carry their own programs except for news broadcasts; about 20 private radio stations; transmissions of international broadcasters are available; digital broadcasting migration process completed in three states in 2018 (2019), total: 74,210,251 (2020 est. There are 774 local government areas in the Nigerian government structure, with Kano having the largest number of 44 and the smallest number of 9 belonging to Bayelsa state. )biomass and waste: 0.1% of total installed capacity (2020 est. You can learn more about how we use cookies by visiting our privacy policy page. Construction and maintenance of roads, street drains, parks, open spaces, and other public highways. Register or login to make commenting easier. ), municipal: 5 billion cubic meters (2017 est. )$1.014 trillion (2020 est. [22] The army itself is governed by the Nigerian Army Council (NAC). )0.5% of GDP (2019) (approximately $3.53 billion)0.5% of GDP (2018) (approximately $3.72 billion)0.5% of GDP (2017) (approximately $3.42 billion), information varies; approximately 135,000 active duty armed forces personnel (100,000 Army; 20,000 Navy/Coast Guard; 15,000 Air Force); approximately 80,000 Security and Civil Defense Corps (2022), the military's inventory consists of a wide variety of imported weapons systems of Chinese, European, Middle Eastern, Russian (including Soviet-era), and US origin; the military is undergoing a considerable modernization program, and in recent years has received equipment from some 20 countries with China, Russia, and the US as the leading suppliers; Nigeria is also developing a defense-industry capacity, including small arms, armored personnel vehicles, and small-scale naval production (2023), 18-26 years of age for men and women for voluntary military service; no conscription (2022), 200 Ghana (ECOMIG) (2022)note: Nigeria has committed an Army combat brigade (approximately 3,000 troops) to the Multinational Joint Task Force (MNJTF), a regional counter-terrorism force comprised of troops from Benin, Cameroon, Chad, and Niger; MNJTF conducts operations against Boko Haram and other terrorist groups operating in the general area of the Lake Chad Basin and along Nigeria's northeast border; national MNJTF troop contingents are deployed within their own country territories, although crossborder operations are conducted periodically, the Nigerian military is sub-Saharan Africas largest and regarded as one of its most capable forces; the Army and Air Force are focused largely on internal security and face a number of challenges that have stretched their resources; the Army is deployed in all 36 of the country's states; in the northeast, it is conducting counterinsurgency/counterterrorist operations against the Boko Haram (BH) and Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham in West Africa (ISIS-WA) terrorist groups, where it has deployed as many as 70,000 troops at times and jihadist-related violence has killed an estimated 35-40,000 people, mostly civilians, since 2009; in the northwest, it faces growing threats from criminal gangs, bandits, and violence associated with long-standing farmer-herder conflicts, as well as BH and ISIS-WA terrorists; bandits in the northwest are estimated to number in the low 10,000s and violence there has killed more than 10,000 people since the mid-2010s; the military also continues to protect the oil industry in the Niger Delta region against militants and criminal activity, although the levels of violence there have decreased in recent years; since 2021, additional troops and security forces have been deployed to eastern Nigeria to quell renewed agitation for a state of Biafra (Biafra seceded from Nigeria in the late 1960s, sparking a civil war that caused more than 1 million deaths), meanwhile, the Navy is focused on security in the Gulf of Guinea; since 2016, it has developed a maritime strategy, boosted naval training and its naval presence in the Gulf, increased participation in regional maritime security efforts, and acquired a considerable number of new naval platforms, including offshore and coastal patrol craft, fast attack boats, and air assets; its principal surface ships currently include a frigate and 4 corvettes or offshore patrol ships, the International Maritime Bureau reports the territorial and offshore waters in the Niger Delta and Gulf of Guinea remain a very high risk for piracy and armed robbery of ships; in 2021, there were 34 reported incidents of piracy and armed robbery at sea in the Gulf of Guinea region; although a significant decrease from the total number of 81 incidents in 2020, it included the one hijacking and three of five ships fired upon worldwide; while boarding and attempted boarding to steal valuables from ships and crews are the most common types of incidents, almost a third of all incidents involve a hijacking and/or kidnapping; in 2021, 57 crew members were kidnapped in seven separate incidents in the Gulf of Guinea, representing 100% of kidnappings worldwide; Nigerian pirates in particular are well armed and very aggressive, operating as far as 200 nm offshore; the Maritime Administration of the US Department of Transportation has issued a Maritime Advisory (2022-001 - Gulf of Guinea-Piracy/Armed Robbery/Kidnapping for Ransom) effective 4 January 2022, which states in part, "Piracy, armed robbery, and kidnapping for ransom continue to serve as significant threats to US-flagged vessels transiting or operating in the Gulf of Guinea", Boko Haram; Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham West Africa; Jamaatu Ansarul Muslimina Fi Biladis-Sudan (Ansaru)note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in Appendix-T, Nigeria-Cameroon: Joint Border Commission with Cameroon reviewed 2002 ICJ ruling on the entire boundary and bilaterally resolved differences, including June 2006 Greentree Agreement that immediately ceded sovereignty of the Bakassi Peninsula to Cameroon with a phaseout of Nigerian control within two years while resolving patriation issues; demarcation of the Bakassi Peninsula and adjoining border areas should be finalized in 2022; as Lake Chads evaporation exposed dry land, only Nigeria and Cameroon have heeded the Lake Chad Commission's admonition to ratify the delimitation treaty which also includes the Chad-Niger and Niger-Nigeria boundaries, Nigeria-Cameroon-Equatorial Guinea: the ICJ ruled on an equidistance settlement of Cameroon-Equatorial Guinea-Nigeria maritime boundary in the Gulf of Guinea, but imprecisely defined coordinates in the ICJ decision and a sovereignty dispute between Equatorial Guinea and Cameroon over an island at the mouth of the Ntem River all contribute to the delay in implementation, refugees (country of origin): 87,220 (Cameroon) (2023)IDPs: 3.17 million (northeast Nigeria; Boko Haram attacks and counterinsurgency efforts in northern Nigeria; communal violence between Christians and Muslims in the middle belt region, political violence; flooding; forced evictions; cattle rustling; competition for resources) (2023), a significant source for cannabis cultivation and methamphetamine production; a major place for transnational drug trafficking networks that supply cocaine to Asia and Europe, heroin to Europe and North America, and methamphetamine to South Africa, Southeast Asia, Australia, and New Zealand; traffickers also involved in the transportation, facilitation, and distribution of illicitly diverted tramadol, total population growth rate v. urban population growth rate, 2000-2030, Children under the age of 5 years underweight, International law organization participation, Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income, Household income or consumption by percentage share, Civil aircraft registration country code prefix, Military and security service personnel strengths, Military equipment inventories and acquisitions, Refugees and internally displaced persons, Center for the Study of Intelligence (CSI).