shelly knotek gofundme

Shelly, Danielle, Allison, & Charlotte along with extended family and friends are in mourning of husband and father Doug Reese. In January of 2021, a 39-year-old mother of 3 in Chula Vista, California went missing right before her daughters birthday trip. She kept Loreno separated from friends and relatives. Shane Watson, born in 1975 in Tacoma, was Michelle Knotek's nephew. 1989). en.m.wikipedia.org 51 63 comments Add a Comment Purpletinfoilhat 4 mo. Michelle "Shelley" Knotek, 49, has been described by acquaintances, officials and her own mother-in-law as volatile and temperamental yet having a knack for attracting some of Raymond's most vulnerable residents. 160 - Episode 112 - America's Most Evil Mother. and reading . He struggled beneath its weight and couldn't understand how his wife had managed to get it in there in the first place. In addition to abusing and humiliating her daughters, Shelly Knotek would open her home to wayward friends and family in order to manipulate and torture them. Shelly was married three times and had a daughter with each of her three husbands, Nikki (b. . When she was finally stopped, Knotek had already earned the infamous name of America's "most evil mom." Of all the trials and tribulations endured by those born unique, few equal the horrors chronicled by Elizabeth Ovitz as she and . December 1, 2019. in Lifestyle. Yes! Dle Gregga Olsena, novine The New York Times, kter v roce 2019 vydal knihu pojednvajc o ivot a zloinech Shelly Knotek, mla problm vyrovnat se v dtstv se alem ze ztrty matky. Ian Cunningham spent that time at the local bars, interviewing people who seemed to be really enjoying . In the early months of 1991, Michelle Knotek was pregnant and offered 36-year-old local hairdresser Kathy Loreno lodgings in her home in exchange for helping to care for the children. In January of 2021, a 39-year-old mother of 3 in Chula Vista, California went missing right before her daughters birthday trip. Aug 24, 2004 Updated Dec 20, 2018. It was so good. Shelly put Woodys body in the freezer until David came home. Real-Time. And she accused her daughter-in-law of threatening and duping her son into participating in abuse, death and concealment at their home. Police this week said that while they had suspicions about the Knoteks over the years, it wasn't until several unidentified witnesses came forward about two weeks ago with evidence that police arrested the couple and searched their home and yard. Description. Shelly is a brutal serial abuser and killer who's victims were the ones closest to her. In part one Taryn tells us about Shelly's upbringing and how she turned into the most evil mom. Michelle Knotek is an American convicted murderer from Raymond, Washington.She was convicted in 2004 of second-degree murder and manslaughter for her role in the torture and deaths of Kathy Loreno and Ronald Woodworth, who were both boarders in Knotek 's home. How are two very detailed witness statements, the findings of a private investigator, etc. (40:14) Image Credit: REUTERS. The threat resonated with her oldest, Nikki, now 44, who is . There are parents who provide safe, loving homes. 1978), and Tori (b. Add to Watchlist. Yes but BlackBerry needed to focus on revenue, and needed more than just the . In South Bend, the Pacific County seat, police Chief Dave Eastham said he didn't even think it was suspicious last fall when James McClintock, 81, fell, hit his head and died a day later. He would endure severe psychological and physical abuse throughout his stay just as the others had. After serving only 19 years of a 22 year sentence for torturing her children and killing those who. Her three daughters, Nikki, 44, Sami, 41, and Tori, 30, were interviewed for a new book on the case entitled, "If You Tell: A True Story of Murder, Family Secrets, and the Unbreakable Bond of Sisterhood ." 0. "He was no dummy," Eppenberger said. Reddit's open forum for discussion of anything and everything about true crime, court cases, and the legal system. Facebook. "All of us will be in jail if anyone finds out what happened to Kathy," she warned. Shelly Shirey is organizing this fundraiser. Shelly Knotek, a Serial Torturerand Murderer (UPDATED) January 21, 2023 Gillan Ropero In 1994, the stepdaughters of Michelle "Shelly" Knotek realized they were living with a murderer when she made them swear into secrecy after her first kill. The unspeakable crimes of Shelly Knotek. The Book "If You Tell" by Gregg Olson outlines the horrors that Michelle "Shelly" Knotek committed in the 1990's and early 2000's. After high school, he traded a job at the local mill for a five-year tour in the Navy, where he learned heavy construction. Shelly Knotek was found guilty in the deaths of Kathy Loreno and Rod Woodworth and sentenced to 22 years in prison. She stripped Shane naked and duct-taped his legs and arms before rubbing Icy-Hot on his genitals. Growing up, I never understood quite how lucky I was to have a boring family (at least until I had already moved out!) Aug 19, 2004. This thread has been locked by the moderators of r/TrueCrimeDiscussion. Surveillance footage of her leaving her beauty school is quickly discovered and it leads police to an interesting suspect. Shelly Knotek. Loreno likely befriended Michelle Knotek while David Knotek was away at a job, say acquaintances and relatives. Family Members. Near her death, her teeth and hair had fallen out and she was no longer able to walk or talk. Throughout 1991, Loreno was subjected to this abuse daily and, as a result, she lost 100 pounds in weight. Knotek lured in her victims with an aura of friendliness and a sense of charity. In 1988, Shelly Knotek welcomed her first victim into her house. On the morning of August 30th, 2000 - Mark Lundy left a series of messages on his wife's phone, sounding increasingly irritated that she hadn't called him back. Her son grew up in Raymond like any other small-town boy, playing school sports and goofing around with buddies, she said. Shirley Knotek contended her son was unhappy in his marriage to his increasingly moody wife and stayed away from the house for long periods. He quit a good civilian job with the Air Force in California to move to Willapa Harbor, and brought his parents after him. Who are these women and what drives them to kill? 0. Knotek, well practiced in abusing her daughters and nephew at this point began treating Loreno the same way. Additionally, Knoteks health is reportedly quite poor, with one acquaintance stating, Shes pretty old and not doing too well. Michelle "Shelly" L. Knotek (b. Shelly Knotek has been called Americas Most Evil Mom. Michelle Knotek is believed to have dragged Kathy Loreno around the farmhouse by her hair, forced her to ingest medication and rotting food, and subjected her to 'waterboard' treatment. They appeared to be a happy family who extended their hospitality to friends and family in need. They feel its their duty to expose their mothers true nature as a predator, Olsen told the New York Post. Previous Pause Next. But then, those guests began to disappear.The first person to vanish in Knoteks care was her old friend, Kathy Loreno. All of us will be in jail if anyone finds out what happened to Kathy, Shelly had warned her family. Jeff Loreno said that after his sister disappeared he hired a private investigator, who concluded Kathy was probably dead at the hands of Michelle Knotek. Shelly was supposed to be released this summer after serving nearly 19 years at the Washington Corrections Center for Women in Gig Harbor. "Normally if somebody made him mad, he talked about it." Growing up, I never understood quite how lucky I was to have a boring family (at least until I had already moved out!) Mariely Chacn died after drinking her own urine so she could breastfeed her children, according to reports. She was convicted in 2004 of second-degree murder and manslaughter for her role in the torture and deaths of Kathy Loreno and Ronald Woodworth, who were both boarders in Knotek's home. "We had no indication, we still have no indication, that any people who came in contact with her here were in jeopardy," Beatty said. 1952), participated in her crimes and was arrested with her in 2003. She's a piece of work who committed some seriously awful crimes against not only her children but also, three people in which she took full advantage of, manipulated and also murdered. Between cryptic conversations with spell casters, lying about an alibi, and talks of a "safe house", investigators narrowed in on one person in the woman's life. Kids of Michelle 'Shelly' Knotek warn: 'Mom could kill again'. McClintock's certificate of death, dated Feb. 9, 2002, indicated that the widower died after a "blunt impact to the head," and said the circumstances of his death were undetermined. "If he was victimized, I doubt he would have kept it to himself," said the police chief, who added he has known McClintock for many years. Josh has been recently diagnosed with the possibility of having liver cancer. Between cryptic conversations with spell casters, lying about an alibi, and talks of a "safe house", investigators narrowed in on one person in the woman's life. December 1, 2019. in Lifestyle. Facebook. Daughter Tori was born two years later. Shelly Knotek, America's Most Evil Mom turned serial killer | Photo Credits: Thought Nova Shelly Knotek, 39, lived with her husband and three daughters in Raymond, Washington. Michelle ("Shelley") Knotek would abuse and torture her children and other friends for two decades before she would be outed as the horrific and sadistic monster that she is. Uhhhh WHAT?? 1 of 30. "I can't believe anyone could have done this to her.". 1975). Read it. - Shelly Boulton is organizing this fundraiser. Throughout 1991, Loreno was subjected to this abuse daily and, as a result, she lost 100 pounds in weight. Shelly Knotek. Then after the dog died, Shelly would receive ownership of the remaining estate, which was the house valued at around $140,000. Does the book give any background on Shelly's childhood? SOUTH BEND, Wash. Michelle and David Knotek, accused in the deaths of three people who lived at their rural Raymond home, were charged Wednesday with first-degree murder. It has stuck with me. Then their stepfather died in a car crash. Here's a scene from Episode 19: Michelle Knotek. Lennette Watson continued to follow up with police after her original report for 9 months and said that they never would return her calls. Kathys mother would go on to place missing person ads looking for her daughter and Kathys brothers hired a private investigator to look for her. bill bailey family tragedy; does chlorine kill sperm; watermark retirement communities lawsuit ago I hope all of her daughters are safe and can't be found by her. Michelle "Shelly" Knotek, seemed to have a wonderful life. The police confirmed that this was true and said that they had just never had enough information to warrant an investigation into the Knoteks. If you do exercise caution. M1 Carbine Bayonet Lug, But when they put him behind bars, people start to doubt his involvement in the crime. Hi! Hotshot Truck Sleepers, McClintock, who used an electric wheelchair, had fallen before, Eastham said. In 1995, the private investigator told Kathys family that she was likely dead and that he could not find any trace of her after having been at Shelly Knoteks house. On the evening of August 10th, 2017, in Copenhagen, Denmark, freelance journalist Kim Wall decided to squeeze in one more story before moving to China with her partner. 25K views 9 months ago Shelly Knotek has been called "America's Most Evil Mom". Crime & Compulsion is a Serial Killer/True Crime podcast started by husband and wife team Ben & Karen. But no witnesses would come forward to the police, and when confronted, the Knoteks always said Kathy had run away with a truck driver, or moved to Hawaii. This case is horrifying. And then there is Shelly Knotek. Mariely Chacn died after drinking her own urine so she could breastfeed her children, according to reports. For example, Shelly's 13-year-old nephew Shane Watson was taken in by the couple in 1988 after his absentee father and mother, who struggled with substance abuse, was unable to provide a stable home for him. However, over the course of 2012-2013 dozens and dozens of reports from Blanco residents began to fill internet message boards claiming that she was in need of some serious help. Episode 239: The Ties That Bind: The Crimes of Shelly Knotek - Part 2. Posted via CB10. In 2004, Shelly was convicted of second-degree murder andmanslaughter while David was found guilty of Watsons murder. Even so, police said they don't think they will find anything to prove the man's death was anything but accidental. 1954) is currently serving time as a convicted murderer at Washington Corrections Center For Women in Gig Harbor, WA, with her release date being listed as June 2022. Nikki, Sami, and Tori, three daughters of convicted murderer Michelle "Shelly" Knotek, revealed their fears about the near release of their mother from jail. They'd run away,. Sample Justification For Replacement Position, Thankfully I did not know her but she was known as a violent horrible person. Chaz, AJ and Ashley were all in New Haven yesterday for the St. Patrick's Day parade. He even helped her take care of elderly patients. Horrifying but informative. Knotek lured in her victims with an aura of friendliness and a sense of charity. Like 1. I just replied to another Redditors post in the books sub who had just come across and read this book, I had to check and make sure it wasnt OP. She seemed to control her younger brother, and when it was learned that her mother had been beaten to death, 13-year-old Shelly hardly responded at all. 09-09-17 08:56 AM. Totally Free! In January of 2021, a 39-year-old mother of 3 in Chula Vista, California went missing right before her daughters birthday trip. 09-09-17 03:16 AM. Shelly Knotek. Crime & Compulsion is a Serial Killer/True Crime podcast started by husband and wife team Ben & Karen. . 358 - A Socially Awkward Person's Great Idea. Shelly Knotek graduated to murder in 1994. 160 - Episode 112 - America's Most Evil Mother. Michelle Knotek is believed to have dragged Kathy Loreno around the farmhouse by her hair, forced her to ingest medication and rotting food, and subjected her to 'waterboard' treatment. RAYMOND, Pacific County As residents and authorities in this small timber town spent another day trying to make sense of allegations of abuse, torture and three deaths at the hands of a well-known local couple, the scrutiny yesterday increasingly turned to the role of the wife. He succumbed to his injuries in August of the same year. But as with many serial murderers, Knoteks history of violence and abuse had deep roots. Michelle "Crazy Shelley" Knotek tortured her children, her nephew and her friends who turned to her for help. According to her daughters, Shelly once slammed Nikkis head through a glass door. I say read it. There is a GoFundMe page to help Bubba. In addition to abusing and humiliating her daughters, Shelly Knotek would open her home to wayward friends and family in order to manipulate and torture them to death.Serial killer Shelly Knotek was caught after her daughters, Knotek sisters Nikki, Tori, and Sami, turned her in.Michelle Shelly Knotek appeared to lead a charmed life. Loreno grew up and went to high school in Simi Valley, Calif., her brother said yesterday. Donate now. David disposed of his body in the same way he had disposed of Kathys body. Crime News Voodoo Candle Leads To Conviction In Murder Of Couple "All of us will be in jail if anyone . Story 1 : Jake MatthewsStory 3 : William DamoreIf you want to send aZaleski: Books examine two disturbing family stories Written By: Jack Zaleski | Nov 3rd 2019 - 10am. McClintock, a retired merchant crewman and widower, had been in the care of Michelle Knotek, who had worked for years as a caregiver for local elderly people. 29 -- The GoFundMe campaign . But many who knew Woodworth said his behavior grew erratic over the years, and his hygiene faltered. Mac died from a fall in February 2002. Recommended by us. This is part 2 of a 2-part- episode. He said privacy laws forbid the agency from saying whether it has ever investigated or censured Knotek, now or in the past. Own from $1.99. She created a house of horrors for her children, and then family friends came up missing which prompted a closer look. They met at the South Bend hairdresser shop where Loreno worked. "All of us will be in jail if anyone. Recommended For You. On the evening of August 10th, 2017, in Copenhagen, Denmark, freelance journalist Kim Wall decided to squeeze in one more story before moving to China with her partner. Surprise Engagement Photographer Austin, In 1988, a 19-year-old woman in Maryland went missing after a last-minute meeting with an unknown man. Michelle Knotek is believed to have dragged Kathy Loreno around the farmhouse by her hair, forced her to ingest medication and rotting food, and subjected her to 'waterboard' treatment. Between cryptic conversations with spell casters, lying about an alibi, and talks of a "safe house", investigators narrowed in on one person in the woman's life. $99 Jacqueline Knotek Albert Joan Blumer Faber Dorothy MacMoran Fay Limbou Papas Eleanor Heinzel Rice Norma Schmid { Alpha Iota Baldwin . Shellys youngest child Tori, who was 14 at the time, told her sisters about Woodworth who then urged her to gather evidence and to notify the police. In April 2000, Michelle Knotek was hired by the Olympic Area Agency on Aging, an organization that provides home care and assistance for older and disabled adults. Between cryptic conversations with spell casters, lying about an alibi, and talks of a "safe house", investigators narrowed in on one person in the woman's life. Michelle "Shelly" Knotek appeared to lead a charmed life. This case is involved and going to span over three to four episodes, so get ready . We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. Next. The unspeakable crimes of Shelly Knotek. . If you have a passion for true crime, this is the podcast for you. They appeared to be a happy family who extended their hospitality to friends and family in need. He got busted for trying to pass bad checks, court records say. Come to find out, our employer was not forthcoming about how the short term disability paid out and now we are in a . Loreno died in 1994 from choking on her own vomit, David Knotek said following his arrest. 1 of 30. She created a house of horrors for her children, and then family friends came up missing which prompted a closer look. Of all the trials and tribulations endured by those born unique, few equal the horrors chronicled by Elizabeth Ovitz as she and . True Crime. David then shot 19-year-old (he was murdered in February and his birthday wasn't until June) 18-year-old Shane in February 1995. "All of us will be in jail if anyone finds out what happened to Kathy," she warned. Originally Posted by tinochiko. 29 -- The GoFundMe campaign set up for Pierce has raised almost ,000 as of Friday evening. and reading . Plug your headphones in and come meet the mother you never wish . A woman successfully rescued her 14-pound Yorkie after it was attacked by a cougar during a routine walk near British Columbia's Port Hardy. The youngest daughter, Tori, is 14 years old at the time of Woody's death and goes to her older sisters to tell them what happened. Beatty said James McClintock, the 81-year-old man who died in Knotek's care in 2002, was one of the agency's clients. McClintock, Beatty said. Four local residents sought an anti-harassment order against him in 2001, but the court records don't say why and the four people all have declined to discuss it. If you have a passion for true crime, this is the podcast for you. 5757. His friends said he became erratic and was known as the weird guy in town. Shellys husband, children, and nephew didnt try to call for assistance or inform anyone because she said this would also implicate them. Laura Knotek likes this. Tuesday, March 15: CT Real Estate; Gianni Russo's "Godfather" Stories; Helping Bubba. But this whole time, Shane Watson, Knoteks nephew who shed taken in, had been documenting Lorenos injuries with photographs. TV-PG; June 23, 2013; 43 min; A couple is accused of killing boarders staying at their Washington home. . "They got along like brother and sister.". station 19 fanfiction maya injured; morgan bay boats for sale; camden football fight; razer kraken v2 randomly disconnects; ark magmasaur fertilized egg spawn command; Would rather not get sued thanks. Crime & Compulsion is a Serial Killer/True Crime podcast started by husband and wife team Ben & Karen. The front gate, with a big patriotic yellow ribbon, was always kept closed, possibly because the property concealed abuse, torture and death. Please help us share this information so that Michelle Knotek never has the chance to do this again if she is indeed released from prison in 2022. Originally Posted by tinochiko. In the Summer of 2004, in the quiet, soggy coastal town of Raymond Washington, a man lifted a body out of his family's chest freezer. When her car was found burned and an anonymous letter was sent to her parents, the police seriously began investigating a particular person in their small town. "I don't understand why the police wouldn't just look in the back yard. She needs to stay in jail, The USSC court ruled that police have no duty to protect people. McClintock passed away in February 2002 after a fall. Six months later, Shelly informed McClintocks family that his dog had passed away and claimed ownership of his house. After Michelle "Shelly" Knotek beat and tortured her first murder victim, Kathy Loreno, to death in 1994, she gathered her husband, nephew and daughters. Her daughters fear that she might kill again if she would be freed. Updated: July 19, 2022 michelle knotek is a former Raymond, Washington, woman who was convicted in 2004 of second-degree murder and manslaughter in the torture and deaths of Kathy Loreno and Ronald Woodworth, who were both boarders in Knotek's home. For years, behind the closed doors of their farmhouse in Raymond, Washington, their sadistic mother, Shelly, subjected her girls to unimaginable abuse, degradation, torture and psychic terrors. David and Michelle Knotek were being held at the Pacific County Jail in nearby South Bend for investigation of first-degree murder. LEADBETTER Gear put-in day, "dump day" is it's known, for one Westport coastal commercial Dungeness crab fisherman turned tragic Feb. 13, with the loss of a vessel and the loss of a beloved pet in two separate incidents just hours apart. Join us for our deepest dive yet - as we uncover the abuse and violence committed by Michelle and David Knotek. 29 -- The GoFundMe campaign set up for Pierce has raised almost ,000 as of Friday evening.. S. . 8th Grade Graduation Requirements Illinois. Sergio Garcia Sunglasses, PNW Haunts & Homicides. In the house east of Raymond where she raised David Knotek, his 76-year-old mother, Shirley Knotek, spent the day with eyes glued to the television, watching the news about her son and his. Kathy Loreno moved in with the Knoteks in December 1988 after losing her job as a hairstylist. Sharon Woodroof Braden, 70, and Yvette Carroll, 42, have had years to try to come to terms with the agony of losing Ron Woodroof - Sharon's brother and Yvette's father to AIDS. Daughter Tori was born two years later. If anyone asked, Shelly Knotek simply explained Loreno had run off with her lover. Shelly persuaded Watsons grandparents to let him live with her after they fell ill. Knotek frequently mistreated her nephew and daughters, both mentally and physically. Court papers say that loyalty appears to have led him to help his wife cover up the deaths of Loreno and Woodworth, and prosecutors suggest he may have slain Watson to keep him from talking. Well, it turns out that people did notice and they reported their suspicions to police multiple times and NOTHING was done. Here's a scene from Episode 19: Michelle Knotek. Join them bi-weekly as they delve into the minds and heinous acts of serial killers and other true crimes, locally and world-wide. But when they put him behind bars, people start to doubt his involvement in the crime. William G. Woodworth 1921 - 1996. David later said he buried Woodworths body on their property. Mar 23, 2021. Despite Shellys campaign to isolate her victims, they still had family that loved them and tried to find out what happened to them. They say David Knotek has told police about what happened, while his wife stuck to prearranged stories explaining the disappearances. Matt Finley, two crew members and Finley's dog, Shelley, were heading out of Westport Saturday . Born on April 15, 1964, Michelle "Shelly" Knotek never strayed too far from her hometown of Raymond, Washington. Watson moved in with PNW Haunts & Homicides. David Knotek's mother, Shirley Knotek, said Watson grew up in Tacoma, but when he was in high school, his parents divorced, he started getting in trouble, and his parents sent him to live with the Knoteks, figuring the fresh air would do him some good. Nikki was 20 years old at this time, but I guess the psychological hold her mother had on her was too much because Nikki told her mother about the photos Shane had. But I also think it's the most well-written true crime book I've ever read. For years, behind the closed doors of their farmhouse in Raymond, Washington, their sadistic mother, Shelly, subjected her girls to unimaginable abuse, degradation, torture and psychic terrors. People didnt give a shit about child abuse back then as they did today. - Listen to Episode 19: Michelle and Dave Knotek - Part 4 by Crime and Compulsion Podcast instantly on your tablet, phone or browser - no downloads needed. Community. I've come across the book several times on Kindle Unlimited, but after reading some of the reviews decided I'd probably forgo this one. Near her death, her teeth and hair had fallen out . 1946) began living with Shelly, David, and their daughter Tori who was the only daughter still living at home. Shelly Shirey is organizing this fundraiser. Her behavior grew increasingly violent over time. But that doesn't mean she was not supposed to be providing in-home care to older people in Pacific County, Williams said. They didnt attempt to get help or alert anybody because her injuries would have clearly implicated them. Still, if someone complained to DSHS that Knotek was abusing someone in her care, the agency would investigate regardless, Williams said. He seemed to be upset with her for not taking care of his two cats. Kathys name was not on the list, despite her family being adamant something bad had happened to her. Ive lived this (minus the murder) and its so hard to read. Own from $1.99. After more than a decade, when sisters Nikki, Sami and Tori Knotek hear the word mom, it claws like an eagle's talons, triggering memories that have been their secret since childhood. Knotek, now 65, is expected to be released from the Washington Corrections Center for Women in the summer of 2022. Here's a scene from Episode 19: Michelle Knotek. In January of 2021, a 39-year-old mother of 3 in Chula Vista, California went missing right before her daughters birthday trip. not enough to at the very least bring the Knoteks in for questioning??? However, over the course of 2012-2013 dozens and dozens of reports from Blanco residents began to fill internet message boards claiming that she was in need of some serious help. LEADBETTER Gear put-in day, "dump day" is it's known, for one Westport coastal commercial Dungeness crab fisherman turned tragic Feb. 13, with the loss of a vessel and the loss of a beloved pet in two separate incidents just hours apart. On February 24, Jessica Shaw and her friend Diane were . Yesterday, police in neighboring South Bend said they are reopening an investigation into last year's death of an 81-year-old local man who died while in her care and left her his entire estate. She was married to her husband David, in 1987. Would rather not get sued thanks. "I knew Shelley in Blanco, Texas. David was released from prison in 2018. She tortured friends and family, literally, to death! But her daughters are warning the world about their mother, in the book "If You Tell" by Gregg Olsen. She was given a last-minute opp.- Oua o Episode 62 - Kim Wall de The Minds of Madness - True Crime Stories instantaneamente no seu tablet, telefone ou navegador - sem fazer qualquer download. SOURCE, You HAVE to read the book - you wont get the same details from news or podcasts its really something. Later that year, Shelly's hairdresser friend Kathy Loreno lost her job and moved in with the Knoteks. Kathys mother tried to contact her repeatedly and was told by Shelly and David that Kathy had moved to California with her new boyfriend who was a truck driver.

Cutetitos Unicornito Codes, Articles S